Educational guide 2023_24 Facultade de Química

Contents

Topic	Sub-topic
LESSON 1. Reactions of nucleophilic substitution on sp3 carbons	Bimolecular and unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reactions (SN2 and SN1): kinetic, mechanisms and stereochemistry. Competition between SN2 and SN1. Transformation of functional groups through SN2 and SN1 reactions.
LESSON 2. Reactions of elimination	Bimolecular elimination reaction (E2). Unimolecular elimination reaction (E1). Competition between substitution and elimination. Application of elimination reactions in organic synthesis.
LESSON 3. Reactions of nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group	Structure and general reactivity of the carbonyl group (aldehydes and ketones). General mechanism of the nucleophilic addition. Addition of oxygenated and sulfur compounds, nitrogenated compounds, hydride, organometallic compounds, cyanide, and acetylides. The reaction of Wittig.
LESSON 4. Reactions of nucleophilic substitution on the carbonyl group	Structure and general reactivity of carboxylic acids and derivatives. Preparation and reactivity of acid halides, acid anhydrides, esters, and amides. Structure and reactivity of nitriles.
LESSON 5. Reactivity in alpha position of the carbonyl group	Enols and enolates: general reactivity. Keto-enol Tautomerism. Alpha-alquilación of enolates. Alpha-halogenation of enols and enolates. Reactions of enolate anions with carbonyl compounds (aldolic condensation).
LESSON 6. Reactivity of bifunctional carbonyl compounds	Reactions of alpha-dicarbonyl compounds. Reactions of beta-dicarbonyl compounds. Reactions of alpha-beta unsaturated carbonyl compounds. Michael reaction. Robinson annulation.
LABORATORY	In these sessions, experiments related to the theoretical content of the lessons will be carried out.